Master notes on Fundamental of Design & Manufacturing part 1

Master notes on Fundamental of Design and Manufacturing part 1

Ø  Common features b/w Creative Design and Engineering Design

·         Deals with analyzing the need

·         Applied brainstorming and synetics

·         Reviewing is applicable

·         Final design is depends on the clarity of need statement

·         Use testing and inspection

Ø  difference b/w creative and Engineering Design

Creative design	Engineering design
Intelligence is required	Not desirable
Based on use of analogy and synthesis of alternatives	Based on proven laws and past experience
Involves phases like incubation, illumination	These philosophy is not considered
Highly sensitive and independent in thinking	Adopt group thinking or ideas
Restrict to work in group	Believes in team-work
Customers, habits and traditions are enemies	These things required

Ø  Divergence, transformation and convergence

Above are the 3 distinct phases of design

Ø  Divergence

·         Gathering many possible ideas for solving design problems involves:

o   Problem definition

o   Need analysis

o   Conceptualizing

o   Transformation

The concepts and information is converted into physical object

Ø  Convergence

This process is narrowing process involves

·         Applied best optimal solution

·         Elimination of unwanted ideas or information.

Ø  Feature of design process:

·         Iteration: repeated attempts required to accomplish the aim

·         Decision making: selection of optimal out of several

·         Conversion of resources: conversion of time, money, talent, material and other natural resources

·         Satisfaction of need: aimed at satisfaction of human need

Ø  2 methods by which design came into existence:

·         Design by evolution (Traditional design)

·         Design by innovation (Modern design)

Traditional design comes with gradual change of time. Process is very slow and takes long period of time for slight modification. The main reason of this is the absence of proper information and design data records.

Example: Computer, airplanes e.t.c 

Innovative design is the method in which designs is quickly developing  with advanced techniques which is capable to fulfill the modern customer need. Here the designers concepts are highly skilled and magnified. He has to design such product which is not exist yet. He tries to solve problem in a systematic way.

Example: Chance of LCD display with LED

Ø  Drawback of traditional design:

·         Do not consider the interdependence of products

·         Not economical in mass production

·         It comes under lags behind the advanced product and process technologies available today

·         Can’t cope with modern competitive requirements

Ø  Drawback of innovative design:

·         He has to collect and evaluate information of product which is not exist yet

·         The performance has to predict

·         Necessity of analysis complicated interaction of component

·         He has to ensure economical and technical feasibility of the product

Ø  Morphology of design:

·         Morphology means ‘a study of form or structure’.

·         Refers to the time based sequence of design operation

·         The logical order of different activities or phases of design project is called the morphology of design

·         This is outlined by eminent expert of design like MORRIS ASIMOW, J.E.SHIGLY, and DIETER.

Ø  Design process given by MORRIS ASIMOW consists of 5 basic elements:

·         Searching for possible alternatives to satisfy the need

·         Formulation of a model for analysis purpose

·         Material selection etc

·         Required information in order to carry out further process:

·         Gen info: scientific laws, market trends

·         Specific info: manufacturer catalogue, material science handbook

·         With these information designers produce outcome in form of print-out or drawings

·         Evaluation of outcome to decide the ability of outcome meets the need

Ø  Detailed morphology of design:

Refers to the collection of time phases which comes during design process elaborated by MORRIS ASIMOW. It consists of 7 phases:

·         *Feasibility study (conceptual design) involves:

·         To ascertain the existence of need, search of solution, evaluate the solution

·         *Preliminary (embodiment design) involves:

·         Development of concepts generated in feasibility study, model building and testing, study of advantages and disadvantages of solution check the performance, quality strength and esthetics.

·         *Detailed design involves:

·         Complete description of tested product including  dimensional tolerance and part, surface properties details, material selection. Finally prototype tested.

·        * Planning for manufacture:

·         Sequence of the description of manufacturing process, material selection, tool and machine requirement, production cost estimation, Q.C system and production control planning with informational flow system

·         *Planning for distribution

·        * Planning for consumption/use

·        * Planning for retirement